在英语中there是一个地点副词,和be动词(there is,there are)连用是一般用来表示某个人或物的存在,或者事情的发生。这期内容,我们将以一个特别的视角讨论there的用法。there is和there are通常用于一般现在时一片面包英语,而其对应的一般过去时则为there was和there were.除此之外一片面包英语,there还可以用于一般将来时和现在完成时。
1. there be用于一般现在时
There be句型
这里的be是指is和are。there is用于可数名词的单数和不可数名词,there are用于可数名词的复数。
There is a book in my backpack.
我的背包里有一本书。
There is some water in the bottle.
瓶子里有些水。
There are many boys in the park.
公园里有很多男孩。
但是要注意,there be句型遵循就近一致原则,通俗的说就是,这里的be是用is还是are,主要取决于其后的第一个名词的单复数。如果该名词是单数,那就用is,哪怕后面还会有其他名词。如果该名词是复数,那就用are。请看例句:
There is an apple, three bananas and a piece of bread on the table.
桌子上有一个苹果、三根香蕉和一块面包。
上面这个例句中,there be后面第一个名词是an apple,为单数名词,因此这里的be就用is,不受后面three bananas and a piece of bread的影响。但如果把there be后面第一个名词换成three bananas一片面包英语:一次性讲清楚there be句型的最全用法,这里的be就应该用are,如下句:
There are three bananas, an apple and a piece of bread on the table.
桌子上有三根香蕉、一个苹果和一块面包。
2. there be用于一般过去时
There be的一般过去时为there was和there were。there was用于可数名词的单数和不可数名词,there were用于可数名词复数。
There was a concert in the park last weekend.
上周末的时候,这个公园有一场音乐会。
There were five famous musicians at the concert.
在这场音乐会上有5位著名的音乐家。
应当注意,there was和there were也遵循就近一致原则。
There was a guitarist, a violinist and three singers at the concert.
音乐会上有一位吉他手、小提琴手和三位歌唱家。
There were three singers, a guitarist and a violinist at the concert.
音乐会上有三位歌手、一位吉他手和一位小提琴手。
3. there be用于一般将来时
there用于一般将来时有两种表示方式,一种是there will be一片面包英语,可用于可数名词的单数和复数,以及不可数名词。另一种是there is / are going to be,there is going to be用于可数名词单数和不可数名词,there are going to be用于可数名词复数。
There will be a play at the campus next Tuesday.
下周一再校园里会又一场话剧表演。
There will be some coffee offered for free.
将会提供免费咖啡。
There will be many celebrities at the ceremony.
将会有众多名人出席这场庆祝活动。
There is going to be a speech tomorrow.
明天将会有一个讲座。
There are going to be many students at the speech.
将会有很多学生参加这场讲座。
4. there be用于现在完成时
There be用于现在完成时的形式为there have been和there has been。there have been用于可数名词的复数,而there has been则用于可数名词的单数和不可数名词。
There has been a chair behind the desk.
桌子后面曾经摆放着一把椅子。
There has been water in the channel.
河道里曾经有水。
There have been trees in the yard.
院子里曾经有树。
-THE END-
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